Anaconda 安装部分三方包流程说明。

在使用 Anaconda 过程中，一些常用包安装流程操作是：

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conda install xxx

但是不可避免会使用一些第三方库，这时候还是按照以上语法会安装失败，这里以安装 jieba 库为例（jieba 库是一个常用的中文分词库）。结果如下：

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(base) huangdaludeMacBook-Air:~ xxhuang$ conda install jieba
Collecting package metadata (current_repodata.json): done
Solving environment: failed with initial frozen solve. Retrying with flexible solve.
Collecting package metadata (repodata.json): done
Solving environment: failed with initial frozen solve. Retrying with flexible solve.

PackagesNotFoundError: The following packages are not available from current channels:

  - jieba

Current channels:

  - https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/main/osx-64
  - https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/main/noarch
  - https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/r/osx-64
  - https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/r/noarch

To search for alternate channels that may provide the conda package you're
looking for, navigate to

    https://anaconda.org

and use the search bar at the top of the page.

错误提示部分包不能以这种方式下载。类似这种情况可以换一种方式。首先可以先找到对应包的版本信息：anaconda search -t conda jieba，返回结果如下：

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(base) huangdaludeMacBook-Air:~ xxhuang$ anaconda search -t conda jieba
Using Anaconda API: https://api.anaconda.org
Packages:
     Name                      |  Version | Package Types   | Platforms       | Builds    
     ------------------------- |   ------ | --------------- | --------------- | ----------
     auto/jieba                |     0.32 | conda           | linux-64, linux-32 | py27_0    
                                          : http://github.com/fxsjy
     conda-forge/jieba         |     0.39 | conda           | linux-64, win-32, osx-64, noarch, win-64 | py_1, py36_0, py35_0, py27_0
                                          : Chinese Words Segementation Utilities
     conda-forge/jieba3k       |   0.35.1 | conda           | linux-64, win-32, osx-64, win-64, noarch | py36_1001, py37_1001, py36_1, py_0, py35_1001, py38_1001, py35_1
                                          : Chinese Words Segementation Utilities
     creditx/jieba             |     0.38 | conda           | linux-64        | py35_0, py27_0
     hargup/jieba              |          | conda           | linux-64        | py27_0    
                                          : Chinese Words Segementation Utilities
     iilab/jieba               |   0.36.2 | conda           | linux-64, osx-64 | py34_0    
                                          : Chinese Words Segementation Utilities
     iilab/jieba3k             |   0.35.1 | conda           | linux-64, osx-64 | py34_0    
                                          : Chinese Words Segementation Utilities
     jiangxiluning/jieba       |   0.36.2 | conda           | linux-64, osx-64, win-64 | py27_0    
                                          : Chinese Words Segementation Utilities
     moustik/jieba             |     0.38 | conda           | linux-64        | py27_0    
     r/r-jiebard               |      0.1 | conda           | noarch          | r36h6115d3f_0
                                          : jiebaR is a package for Chinese text segmentation, keyword extraction and speech tagging. This package provides the data files required by jiebaR.
     r_test/r-jiebard          |      0.1 | conda           | noarch          | r36h6115d3f_0
                                          : jiebaR is a package for Chinese text segmentation, keyword extraction and speech tagging. This package provides the data files required by jiebaR.
     syllabs_admin/jieba       |     0.39 | conda           | linux-64        | py27ha286e51_0
Found 12 packages

Run 'anaconda show <USER/PACKAGE>' to get installation details

选择对应的版本，根据版本，输入以下信息：anaconda show conda-forge/jieba，返回结果如下：

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(base) huangdaludeMacBook-Air:~ xxhuang$ anaconda show conda-forge/jieba
Using Anaconda API: https://api.anaconda.org
Name:    jieba
Summary: Chinese Words Segementation Utilities
Access:  public
Package Types:  conda
Versions:
   + 0.38
   + 0.39

To install this package with conda run:
     conda install --channel https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge jieba

根据返回的信息，执行最后一行信息即可安装。输入 conda install –channel https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge jieba

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(base) huangdaludeMacBook-Air:~ xxhuang$ conda install --channel https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge jieba
Collecting package metadata (current_repodata.json): done
Solving environment: done

## Package Plan ##

  environment location: /opt/anaconda3

  added / updated specs:
    - jieba


The following packages will be downloaded:

    package                    |            build
    ---------------------------|-----------------
    ca-certificates-2019.11.28 |       hecc5488_0         145 KB  conda-forge
    certifi-2019.11.28         |           py37_0         148 KB  conda-forge
    conda-4.8.2                |           py37_0         3.0 MB  conda-forge
    jieba-0.39                 |             py_1         5.6 MB  conda-forge
    openssl-1.1.1d             |       h0b31af3_0         1.9 MB  conda-forge
    ------------------------------------------------------------
                                           Total:        10.8 MB

The following NEW packages will be INSTALLED:

  jieba              conda-forge/noarch::jieba-0.39-py_1

The following packages will be UPDATED:

  ca-certificates    pkgs/main::ca-certificates-2019.11.27~ --> conda-forge::ca-certificates-2019.11.28-hecc5488_0
  conda                       pkgs/main::conda-4.8.1-py37_0 --> conda-forge::conda-4.8.2-py37_0

The following packages will be SUPERSEDED by a higher-priority channel:

  certifi                                         pkgs/main --> conda-forge
  openssl              pkgs/main::openssl-1.1.1d-h1de35cc_3 --> conda-forge::openssl-1.1.1d-h0b31af3_0


Proceed ([y]/n)? y


Downloading and Extracting Packages
conda-4.8.2          | 3.0 MB    | ############################################################################################################################################################### | 100% 
certifi-2019.11.28   | 148 KB    | ############################################################################################################################################################### | 100% 
jieba-0.39           | 5.6 MB    | ############################################################################################################################################################### | 100% 
ca-certificates-2019 | 145 KB    | ############################################################################################################################################################### | 100% 
openssl-1.1.1d       | 1.9 MB    | ############################################################################################################################################################### | 100% 
Preparing transaction: done
Verifying transaction: \ WARNING conda.core.path_actions:verify(963): Unable to create environments file. Path not writable.
  environment location: /Users/xxhuang/.conda/environments.txt

done
Executing transaction: done

如图显示，jieba 包安装完成。